DRAFT CSC, Title 31.  Vehicles
 
CHAPTER 4
Traffic Regulations

§1151.  Obedience to Police Officers.
§1152.  Fleeing From or Attempting to Elude Police Officer.
§1153.  Erection and Maintenance of Signs and Marks.
§1154.  Obedience to Traffic Signs.
§1155.  Interference With Official Signs.
§1156.  Driving On Right Side Of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing.
§1157.  Following too Closely.
§1158.  Right-of-way, approaching or entering intersections; turns at intersections; entering highway.
§1159.  Pedestrians' right-of-way.
§1160.  Signals on Stopping or Turning.
§1161.  Speed Limits.
§1162.  Meeting or overtaking school bus.
§1163.  Stopping, standing and parking.
§1164.  Moving; stopped or parked vehicle.
§1165.  Opening and closing vehicle doors.
§1166.  Backing a vehicle
§1167.  Conditions for leaving vehicle unattended on highway.
§1168.  Obstruction of driver's view or driving mechanism.
§1169.  Vehicle loads.
§1170.  Motorcycle protective devices.
§1171.  Passenger on Motorcycle.
§1172.  Bicyclists, etc., subject to rules of road.
§1173.  Putting objects on roadway.
§1174.  Driving vehicle without owner's consent or proper authorization.
§1175.  Injuring, Tampering with, etc., a vehicle.

     § 1151.  Obedience to Police Officers.
     It shall be unlawful for any person to refuse or fail to comply with any lawful order, signal or direction of any policeman with authority to direct, control or regulate traffic.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (401).

     § 1152.  Fleeing From or Attempting to Elude Police Officer.
 
     (a) (1)  Any driver of a motor vehicle who willfully fails or refuses to bring his vehicle to a stop, or who otherwise flees or attempts to elude a pursuing police vehicle, when given a visual or audible signal by a police officer to bring the vehicle to a stop, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.

     (b) (2)  The signal given by the police officer may be by hand, voice, emergency light or siren.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (402), modified.

     § 1153.  Erection and Maintenance of Signs and Marks.
     The Director may cause appropriate signs to be erected and maintained designating business, school, and residential districts, and such other signs and markings, consistent with the provisions of this Code Title as may be necessary to direct and regulate traffic, including, but not limited to, signs notifying drivers of vehicles to stop or yield before entering or crossing highways, speed limitations, road hazards, distances, passing or no-passing zones, parking regulations, and such additional signs as may be appropriate under the provisions of this Code Title.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (403), modified.

     § 1154.  Obedience to Traffic Signs.
     It shall be unlawful for the driver of any vehicle to disobey the instructions of any official traffic sign placed in accordance with the provisions of this Code Title unless otherwise directed by a policeman.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (404), modified.

     § 1155.  Interference With Official Signs.
     It shall be unlawful for any person to deface, injure, knock down or remove any official traffic sign placed or erected as provided by this Code Title.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (405), modified.

     § 1156.  Driving On Right Side Of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing.
     Upon all highways of sufficient width, other than one-way highways, the driver of a vehicle shall drive that vehicle upon the right half of the highway except when the right half is impassable or when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction, in which case he shall pass to the left thereof at a safe distance and shall not again drive to the right side of the highway until safely clear of such overtaken vehicle.  The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake and pass another vehicle proceeding in the same direction unless the left side of the highway is clearly visible and free of oncoming traffic for a distance of three hundred feet.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (406), modified.

     § 1157.  Following too Closely.
     It shall be unlawful for any person to drive a motor vehicle following another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard to the speed of such vehicles, the traffic upon and the condition of the highway.  The fact that a vehicle operated by a person has struck the rear portion of a vehicle preceding it on a highway shall constitute prima facie evidence that such person has violated this Section.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (407).
 
     § 1158.  Right-of-way, Approaching or entering intersections; Turns at intersections; Entering highway.
 
     (a) (1)  Preferential right-of-way at an intersection may be indicated by stop signs or yield signs.

     (b) (2)  Except when directed to proceed by a police officer or traffic sign, the driver of a vehicle approaching an intersection shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle which has entered the intersection.  When two vehicles enter an intersection at the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield to the driver on the right.  The driver of a vehicle within an intersection intending to turn to the left shall yield to any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction which is within the intersection or so close thereto as to constitute an immediate hazard.  The driver of a vehicle entering a public highway from a private road or driveway or from any unpaved road to a paved road shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles approaching on such public highway or paved road.  The driver of a vehicle upon a highway shall yield the right-of-way to emergency vehicles. Notwithstanding Section 409 1159 hereto, the driver of a vehicle upon a highway shall yield to all pedestrians and bicycles lawfully using, operating, and exercising due care upon said highway.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (408), modified.

     § 1159.  Pedestrians' right-of-way.
     The driver of any vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian (a) on any portion of an unpaved road, or (b) crossing within any marked or unmarked crosswalk of a paved road.  This provision, however, shall not relieve the driver of a vehicle or the pedestrian from the duty to exercise due care.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (409).

     § 1160.  Signals on Stopping or Turning.
     The driver of any vehicle upon a highway intending to stop or turn from a direct line shall give signals thereof at least 100 one hundred feet before the stop or turn, either by means of the hand and arm or by a signal lamp, lamps or mechanical signal device.  When a motor vehicle is equipped with illuminated directional signal device, front and rear, and stop signal lamps on rear, such devices, when in proper working order, may be used in lieu of such hand and arm signals.  Otherwise the following hand and arm signal shall be used:

     (a) (1)  Stopping.  Extend the left hand and arm downward from and beyond the left side of the vehicle at an angle of 45 forty-five degrees from the horizontal.

     (b) (2)  Left Turn.  Extend the left hand and arm horizontally from and beyond the left side of the vehicle.

     (c) (3)  Right Turn.  Extend the left hand and arm horizontally from and beyond the left side of the vehicle with forearm extending upward at an angle of 90 ninety degrees form the horizontal.
 
Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1(410), modified.

     § 1161.  Speed Limits.

     (a) (1)  No person shall drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard to the traffic, weather, surface, and width of the highway, the hazard at intersections, pedestrians, and bicycles upon or along the highway, and any other conditions then existing. Any person who drives a vehicle upon a highway at a speed in excess of that indicated in this Section for the particular location shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.  Except where otherwise designated by the Director, official traffic sign or by law, said indicated speeds are as follows:

           (1) (a)  Fifteen miles per hour:  When passing a school building or the grounds thereof, between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 3:30 p.m. during school days, and while children are going to or leaving school during opening or closing hours; when passing a church if the location of said school building or church is clearly marked by a traffic sign; and when passing public processions or assemblages on or near any highway.

     (2) (b)  Twenty miles per hour:  In any business or residential district.

     (3) (c)  Twenty-five miles per hour:  Outside of a business or residential district.

     (b) (2)  The Director is hereby authorized in his discretion to establish by regulation higher speed limits than those indicated herein upon highways or between widely spaced intersections, or lower speed limits than those indicated herein in particularly hazardous areas, if signs are erected giving notice of the speed limit so established.

     (c) (3)  The speed limits set forth herein shall not apply to emergency vehicles when operated in emergencies and when the driver thereof sounds an audible signal by horn, bell, siren or exhaust whistle.  This provision, however, shall not relieve the driver of an emergency vehicle from the duty to exercise due care and the responsibility to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons using the street, road or highway.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (411), modified.

     § 1162.  Meeting or overtaking school bus.
     The driver of a vehicle, upon meeting or overtaking any school bus which has stopped on the highway for the purpose of receiving or discharging schoolchildren, shall stop the vehicle before reaching such school bus, and said driver shall not proceed until such school bus resumes motion or he or she is signaled by the school bus driver to proceed.  Every school bus shall have a sign posted on its front and rear which shall read: "Care" "School Children On Bus" "Stop When Bus Stops" ; which sign shall be readable at a distance of 100 one hundred feet.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (412), modified.

     § 1163.  Stopping, standing and parking.
     Any person parking any vehicle, whether attended or unattended, upon any highway shall park such vehicle as far to the right thereof as is practicable.  It shall be unlawful for the driver of a vehicle to stop, stand or park such vehicle, whether attended or unattended, in any or the following places:

     (a) (1)  within an intersection;

     (b) (2)  on a crosswalk;

     (c) (3)  within 30 thirty feet upon the approach to any official stop sign located at the side of the roadway;

     (d) (4)  within 15 fifteen feet of the driveway entrance to any fire station;

     (e) (5)  within 15 fifteen feet of a fire hydrant;

     (f) (6)  in front of a private driveway;

     (g) (7)  on a sidewalk;

     (h) (8)  alongside or opposite any street or highway excavation or obstruction when such stopping, standing or parking would obstruct traffic;

     (i) (9)  on the roadway side of any vehicle stopped or parked at the edge of a highway;

     (j) (10)  at any place where official traffic signs have been erected prohibiting standing or parking.

     (k) (11)  at any place where it is likely to obstruct traffic or constitute a dangerous condition to traffic on the road.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (413), modified.

     § 1164.  Moving; Stopped or parked vehicle.
     No person shall move a vehicle which is stopped, standing or parked unless and until such movement can be made with reasonable safety.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (414).

     § 1165.  Opening and closing vehicle doors.
     No person shall open the door of a motor vehicle on the side towards moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic; nor shall any person leave a door open on the side of a motor vehicle towards moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers.
 
Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (415).

     § 1166.  Backing a vehicle.
     The driver of a vehicle shall not back the same unless such movement can be made with safety and without interfering with other traffic.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (416).

     § 1167.  Conditions for leaving vehicle unattended on highway.
     No person having control or charge of a motor vehicle shall allow such vehicle to stand on any highway unattended without first effectively setting the brakes thereon, placing a motor vehicle equipped with a manual transmission in gear, placing a motor vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission in park, stopping the motor, and removing the ignition key.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (417).

     § 1168.  Obstruction of driver's view or driving mechanism.
     It shall be unlawful for the driver of any vehicle to drive the same when such vehicle is so loaded as to obstruct the view of the driver to the front or sides or to interfere with the driver's control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle. To this end no more than two persons (including the driver) shall be seated in the front seat of any jeep or vehicle with two passenger seats, and no more than three persons (including the driver) shall be seated in the front of any other type of vehicle.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (418).

     § 1169.  Vehicle loads.
     No vehicle shall be driven or moved on any highway:

     (a) (1)  unless such vehicle is so constructed or loaded as to prevent any of its load from dropping, shifting, leaking or otherwise escaping therefrom;

     (b) (2)  when any load thereon is not entirely within the body of the vehicle; provided, however, that this prohibition shall not apply if the load is securely fastened by means of clamps, ropes, straps, cargo nets or other suitable mechanical devices to prevent such load from dropping on the highway or from shifting in any manner; provided further that when any such secured load extends beyond the front or rear of the vehicle (excepting fire fighting apparatus) by a length greater then four feet from the chassis bed or body of the vehicle, the terminal end of said load shall be flagged with a brightly colored, visible material; except that between one hour after sunset and one hour before sunrise, a red light shall be displayed which is plainly visible for a distance of at least 200 feet from the end of the load; and

     (c) (3)  with any load consisting partially or entirely of loose paper, empty cartons, crates or any other material susceptible to being blown or carried by wind, unless such load is entirely covered by a tarpaulin,  net, canopy or other suitable material, effectively preventing any part of such load from being blown or carried by the wind; provided, however, this Subsection shall not apply to any vehicle carrying a load consisting entirely of soil, sand, coral or gravel.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (419), modified.

     § 1170.  Motorcycle protective devices.
     It is unlawful for a person to operate a motorcycle on a highway unless he and any passenger on the vehicle wears a safety helmet securely fastened with a chin strap and safety glasses, goggles or a face shield in the case of a motorcycle that is not equipped with a windscreen or windshield.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (420).

     § 1171.  Passenger on Motorcycle.
     An operator of a  motorcycle shall not carry more than one passenger at any time on a highway.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (421).

     § 1172.  Bicyclists, etc., subject to rules of road.
     Every person riding a bicycle, moped or an animal upon a highway and every person driving an animal, shall be subject to all the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle under this Code Title, except those provisions which by their very nature are inapplicable.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (422), modified.

     § 1173.  Putting objects on roadway.
 
     (a) (1)  No person shall throw or deposit upon or directly next to a highway any glass bottle, glass, nails, tacks, wire or any other object likely to injure any person or vehicle.

     (b) (2)  Any person who drops, or permits to be dropped or thrown upon any highway, any destructive or injurious material shall immediately remove the same or cause it to be removed.

     (c) (3)  Any person removing a wrecked or damaged vehicle form a highway shall remove any glass or other injurious substance dropped upon the highway from such vehicle.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (423), modified.

     § 1174.  Driving vehicle without owner's consent or proper authorization.
     It shall be a violation of this Code Title for any person to drive a vehicle, not his own, without the consent of the owner thereof, or a vehicle belonging to the State without proper authorization, and without, in either case, intent to steal the same.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1 (424), modified.

     § 1175.  Injuring, Tampering with, etc., a vehicle.
     It shall be a violation of this Code Title for any person to willfully break, injure, tamper with or remove any part or parts of any vehicle, other than an abandoned vehicle with no numbered license plate displayed on it.

Source:  CSL 3-95-18, § 1(425), modified.